As the temperature continues to rise, the Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate has advised the public on the importance of taking the necessary precautions to stay healthy and avoid adverse consequences from the effects of the heat.

Over the next few days, Malta will be experiencing a heatwave. Daily maximum temperatures are forecasted to be between 35°C and 37°C.

High temperatures cause water to be lost from the body at quick rates resulting in dehydration. Look out for signs of dehydration; increased thirst, a dry mouth, dark urine and passing urine less frequently and in small amounts.

It is important to keep well hydrated during the hot summer days, the authorities said.

High temperatures can also lead to heat exhaustion or heatstroke. Heat exhaustion is caused by the loss of water and salt through sweating. Common symptoms include feeling weak, faint, or sick, headache, muscle cramps, heavy sweating and intense thirst.

Heat stroke is when the body is no longer able to cool itself and the body’s temperature becomes dangerously high. This is less common but more serious and untreated symptoms include confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. In such cases, one should call 112 for emergency care.

The heat can affect everyone, but some people run a greater risk of serious harm including older people, babies, young children, and people with chronic conditions.

To avoid the effects of the heat wave it is important to:

• Keep out of the heat by avoiding any unnecessary exposure to the sun during hot periods of the day usually between 11.00 a.m. until 4.00 p.m.

• Stay cool by staying in the coolest parts of the home and work.

• Close curtains on rooms that face the sun to keep indoor spaces cooler.

• Drink plenty of water to replace fluids lost through sweating and eat more cold food such as salads.

• Avoid dehydrating liquids. Alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated soft drinks can make the situation worse.

• Wear light loose fitting clothing.

• Avoid physical exertion in the hottest parts of the day, either opt for indoor physical activity or carry out your physical activity in the morning when it is coolest.

• Walk in the shade, apply sunscreen, and wear a hat if you must go out in the heat.

• Never leave anyone in a closed, parked vehicle, especially infants, young children or animals.

• Seek medical advice if you have any concerns. 

Finally, authorities recommended that one looks out for vulnerable or elderly neighbours, family or friends who may be isolated and unable to care for themselves and make sure they are able to keep cool during the heatwave.