Modernisation, the growth of technology and industry has led to an abundance of food (particularly high caloric foods) and a decrease in physical activity levels, contributing to increased rates of overweight and obesity.

Obesity has reached an alarming trend in several parts of the world, now even in countries with traditionally low rates of overweight and obesity. Although a rather recent phenomenon, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is also on the rise both in developed and developing regions. Results of the 2001-2002 Health Behaviour School-age Children study showed that Malta has the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst 13 year olds, even higher than their American counterparts.

Blaming children and adolescents for their preoccupation with weight and/or their own excess weight is no longer justified since young children do not have the ability to make the right choices, in addition putting the blame on the young may only lead to further harm. Parents must remember that they are the most important role models for children.

Nowadays teaching and offering supportive environments including school settings that promote healthy behaviours at a young age are crucial in the prevention of childhood obesity since changing health behaviour becomes more difficult with age.

Obesity is difficult to treat therefore prevention is the main area where all stakeholders across society are required to intensify their work to assist individuals adopt lifelong healthy eating and regular physical activity habits.