In today's fast-paced world, food safety is a paramount concern. The average consumer relies heavily on regulatory bodies to ensure that the food on their plate is safe. However, a disturbing trend has emerged: while strict controls are placed on natural and herbal supplements, numerous harmful substances continue to infiltrate our food supply. The result is a false sense of security that could have devastating effects on public health.

The silent killers in our food

Numerous studies have highlighted the dangers of certain ingredients prevalent in modern diets. Saturated fats, high refined sugar contents, deep-fried foods, high salt levels, nitrates, nitrites and pesticides are just some of the culprits. These substances, often present in processed and fast foods, are known to contribute to a range of health issues including heart disease, diabetes, hypertension and cancer.

Saturated fats and trans fats: Saturated fats, found in animal products and certain oils, are known to raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. Trans fats, often found in baked goods and fried foods, are even more dangerous, contributing to inflammation, heart disease and diabetes. Despite these known risks, these fats are still prevalent in many products due to their ability to enhance flavour and extend shelf life.

Refined sugars: High consumption of refined sugars is linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Sugary beverages, snacks and desserts are commonplace in many diets, creating a major public health concern. The addictive nature of sugar means that many people consume far more than the recommended daily amount without realizing it.

Deep-fried foods: Foods cooked in oil at high temperatures can produce harmful compounds such as acrylamide, which is linked to cancer. The oils used for frying are often reused multiple times, increasing the presence of toxic substances.

High salt content: Excessive salt intake is a leading cause of hypertension, which can lead to heart disease and stroke. Processed foods, canned soups and snacks are major sources of hidden salt.

Nitrates and nitrites: These chemicals are commonly used in processed meats to preserve colour and prevent bacterial growth. However, they can form nitrosamines in the body, which are carcinogenic. Frequent consumption of processed meats has been linked to colorectal cancer.

Pesticides: Residues of pesticides on fruits and vegetables can have detrimental effects on health, including hormone disruption, reproductive issues and cancer. While regulatory bodies set limits for pesticide levels, the long-term effects of chronic exposure are not fully understood.

The irony of regulatory focus

While these harmful substances are permitted in our food chain, natural and herbal supplements face stringent regulations. The irony is stark: while consumers are exposed to dangerous chemicals in everyday foods, they are often denied access to natural remedies that could promote health and well-being.

Regulatory disparities: Natural supplements, including vitamins, minerals and herbal extracts, are subject to rigorous scrutiny. The rationale is to protect consumers from unproven or harmful products. However, this cautious approach often delays or prevents the availability of beneficial supplements. For example, herbal remedies that have been used for centuries in traditional medicine are often required to undergo extensive testing and regulatory approval, despite a lack of reported adverse effects.

The role of big food and big pharma: There is growing concern that powerful industries influence regulatory decisions. The processed food industry has a vested interest in maintaining the status quo, even if it means prioritising profits over public health. Similarly, pharmaceutical companies may lobby against natural supplements that could compete with their products. This dynamic creates a regulatory environment that is more lenient towards harmful food additives and more restrictive towards natural health products.

Consumer misinformation: The complex regulatory landscape can leave consumers confused and misinformed. Many people assume that if a product is on the market, it must be safe. This misconception is reinforced by aggressive marketing campaigns that downplay the risks of processed foods while casting doubt on the efficacy of natural supplements.

The path forward: Rethinking food safety

To address this disparity, a fundamental shift in food safety regulations is necessary. This shift should prioritise public health over industry profits and recognise the value of natural supplements in promoting well-being.

Re-evaluating food additives: Regulatory agencies must take a closer look at the long-term effects of food additives. This includes conducting comprehensive studies on the health impacts of saturated fats, refined sugars and other harmful substances. Setting stricter limits on these additives and promoting healthier alternatives can help reduce the burden of diet-related diseases.

Promoting transparency: Clear labelling of food products can empower consumers to make informed choices. This includes not only listing ingredients but also providing information on the health risks associated with certain additives. Enhanced transparency can drive demand for healthier options and encourage manufacturers to reformulate their products.

Supporting natural supplements: Streamlining the approval process for natural supplements can help bring safe and effective products to market more quickly. This involves balancing the need for consumer protection with the recognition that many natural remedies have a long history of safe use. Collaborative efforts between regulators, researchers and the natural health industry can foster innovation and expand access to beneficial supplements.

Educational campaigns: Public health campaigns can raise awareness about the dangers of harmful food additives and the benefits of natural supplements. Education is key to changing dietary habits and encouraging healthier lifestyles. By providing accurate and accessible information, these campaigns can help dispel myths and promote informed decision-making.

Encouraging sustainable practices: Supporting sustainable farming practices can reduce the reliance on pesticides and promote the availability of organic produce. Policies that incentivise sustainable agriculture and penalise the overuse of harmful chemicals can create a healthier food supply.

Strengthening international cooperation: Food safety is a global issue that requires international collaboration. Sharing research, best practices and regulatory strategies can enhance food safety standards worldwide. Collaborative efforts can also address the challenges of cross-border food trade and ensure that harmful products do not slip through regulatory gaps.

Conclusion

The current approach to food safety, which permits the widespread use of harmful additives while imposing strict controls on natural supplements, creates a false sense of security. To protect public health, it is crucial to re-evaluate food safety regulations, promote transparency and support the availability of natural remedies. By prioritising health over industry profits, we can create a food system that truly safeguards well-being and empowers consumers to make informed choices. The path forward demands a concerted effort from regulators, industry stakeholders and the public to ensure that the food on our plates is not only safe but also conducive to long-term health.

Renald Blundell is a biochemist and biotechnologist with a special interest in Natural and Alternative Medicine. He is a professor at the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery,

University of Malta

Photo: AI-generated image created by Prof. Blundell