STMicroelectronics, which makes semi-conductors, is to shut down its Bristol research centre at Aztec West Business Park, near Bradley Stoke, a spokesman said.
According to the firm, the site is part of an unprofitable division and it needs to be shut to save money.
At least 140 people work at the Aztec West research and development site.
A company spokesman said: "We have announced to employees that we plan to discontinue operations at our Bristol site in the UK.
"This site works for our digital business division which is unprofitable and must reach sustainable profitability as quickly as possible.
"The company will put in place measures in order to minimize the impact on employees.
"We are about to start consulting with employees and therefore are not ready to disclose any additional details at this stage."
According to the company's website, the group employs a total of about 48,000 people and has two research and development sites in the UK.