Provisional estimates indicate that real households' gross disposable income per capita increased by 4.5 per cent in 2025, while real households' final consumption expenditure per capita rose by 3.2 per cent, the NSO said Friday. Gross households' saving reached €2.5 billion, equivalent to 19.2 per cent of gross disposable income, and households' net lending increased to €2.1 billion.
Households' disposable Income, consumption and savings
Households' gross disposable income per capita at current prices increased by 4.2 per cent in 2025, compared with 11.6 per cent in 2024. Real households' gross disposable income per capita, which excludes the impact of inflation, increased by 4.5 per cent in 2025 compared with 7.9 per cent in 2024. Real households' adjusted gross disposable income per capita, which includes individual goods and services received free of charge from government and Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households (NPISH), referred to as social transfers in kind, increased by 4.4 per cent in 2025, compared with 8.0 per cent in 2024.
Households' final consumption expenditure in 2025 was estimated at €10,695 million, representing an increase of 5.2 per cent in nominal terms (Table 1) and 5.5 per cent in real terms, compared with increases of 9.2 per cent and 5.6 per cent, respectively, in 2024. The slower growth in nominal households' consumption expenditure partly reflects developments in Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured (FISIM).
Compared to 2024, the value of FISIM allocated to households declined by €231 million, reducing the level and growth of households' final consumption expenditure. As FISIM is reflected in both households' income and households' final consumption expenditure, the corresponding effects offset each other, resulting in a neutral impact on household saving. On a per capita basis, households' final consumption expenditure increased by 2.9 per cent in nominal terms and by 3.2 per cent in real terms.
Chart 1 compares the annual growth rates of gross disposable income per capita, adjusted gross disposable income per capita, and final consumption expenditure per capita in real terms. In 2025, growth in real final consumption expenditure per capita increased, while both income indicators continued to grow at a slower pace, reflecting weaker growth in compensation of employees, net property income, and net social contributions and benefits.
In 2025, gross households' savings were estimated at €2,542 million. The gross households' saving rate stood at 19.2 per cent of gross disposable income, 1.0 percentage point higher than the rate recorded in the previous year. The increase in savings reflected the stronger growth in gross disposable income (6.4 per cent) relative to the households' final consumption expenditure (5.2 per cent). Household investment reached €976 million in 2025, compared with €918 million in the previous year. The household investment rate remained broadly stable at 7.4 per cent of gross disposable income, edging down slightly from 2024.
After accounting for the balance of capital transfers, households recorded a net lending of €2,143 million up from €1,771 million in 2024.